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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 22, 2003
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRO-PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Nevada | 04-3562325 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
189 Wells Avenue
Newton, Massachusetts 02459
(617) 559-0033
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)
David Platt, Ph.D.
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
189 Wells Avenue
Newton, Massachusetts 02459
(617) 559-0033
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
With a copy to:
Jonathan C. Guest, Esq.
Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP
One Beacon Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02108
(617) 854-4000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as possible after this Registration Statement is declared effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. ¨
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box. ¨
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
| Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered |
Amount to be Registered (1) |
Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Share (2) |
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (2) |
Amount of Registration Fee (2) | |||||||
| Common Stock, $.001 par value |
2,037,593 shares | $ | 4.44 | $ | 9,046,912.92 | $ | 731.90 | ||||
| (1) | Includes (A) 1,314,571 shares of common stock issued to security holders pursuant to the terms of a Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of October 2, 2003 (the “Purchase Agreement”), (B) 657,293 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants granted under the Purchase Agreement, and (C) 65,729 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants issued to the placement agent in connection with the Purchase Agreement. Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, this Registration Statement also covers such additional number of shares of common stock as may be issuable upon a stock split, stock dividend or similar transaction. |
| (2) | The offering price is estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c), using the average of the high and low prices of the Registrant’s common stock as reported on the American Stock Exchange on October 20, 2003, which was approximately $4.44 per share. |
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
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The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement containing this prospectus, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 22, 2003
PRO-PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
2,037,593 Shares of Common Stock
$.001 par value
This prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time of up to 1,314,571 shares of our outstanding common stock, and up to 723,022 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants, which are held by certain selling stockholders named in this prospectus.
The prices at which such stockholders and warrant holders may sell the shares in this offering will be determined by the prevailing market price for the shares or in negotiated transactions. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares.
Our common stock is listed on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol “PRW.” On October 20, 2003, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $4.40 per share.
See “ Risk Factors” beginning on page 3 to read about the risks you should consider carefully before buying shares of our common stock.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is October 22, 2003.
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You should read this prospectus and the information and documents incorporated by reference carefully. Such documents contain important information you should consider when making your investment decision. See “Incorporation of Documents by Reference” on page 12. You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, including information incorporated by reference in this prospectus, or any supplement that we have referred you to. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents or that any document incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than its filing date. You should not consider this prospectus to be an offer or solicitation relating to the securities in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or solicitation relating to the securities is not authorized. Furthermore, you should not consider this prospectus to be an offer or solicitation relating to the securities if the person making the offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so, or if it is unlawful for you to receive such an offer or solicitation.
ABOUT PRO-PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
We are engaged in research and development of drug technologies to enable targeted delivery of widely used chemotherapy drugs. We intend initially to combine our proprietary carbohydrate compounds with existing generic chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer. We believe our technology will increase the body’s tolerance to these toxic drugs by targeting the delivery directly to cancerous cells. Our company’s approach of improving existing chemotherapy drugs by adding a targeting mechanism should reduce the toxicity and increase the efficacy of these drugs thereby creating a preferable treatment to existing first line regimens. Additionally, we believe that this drug development strategy will enable our company to gain patent protection on drugs we reformulate with our carbohydrate compounds.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) has approved our first Investigational New Drug Application (“IND”) for Phase I human clinical trials relating to colorectal cancer. Additionally, the FDA also approved our amendment to broaden the scope of our IND to include all solid tumors. We have begun clinical trials of our drug and are in the process of collecting results. Also, we are currently conducting preclinical animal experiments with additional IND candidates. We have not yet generated any operating revenues.
We were incorporated under Nevada law in January 2001. Our common stock commenced to trade on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol “PRW” in September 2003.
Our address is 189 Wells Avenue, Newton, Massachusetts 02459. Our telephone number is (617) 559-0033, fax number is (617) 928-3450, e-mail address is foley@pro-pharmaceuticals.com, and our website address is www.pro-pharmaceuticals.com.
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An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other information contained in this prospectus before deciding to invest in our common stock. The risks described below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks not presently known to us or which we currently consider immaterial may also adversely affect our business. We have attempted to identify below the major factors that could cause differences between actual and planned or expected results, but we cannot assure you that we have identified all of those factors.
If any of the following risks actually happen, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected. In this case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Risks Related to Pro-Pharmaceuticals
We Are At An Early Stage Of Development Without Operating History. We are a development-stage company without operating history, and we have not generated any revenues to date. We have no therapeutic products available for sale, and none are expected to be commercially available for several years, if at all. We may never generate revenue or become profitable, even if we are able to commercialize any products.
We Have Incurred Net Losses To Date And Depend On Outside Capital. Our accumulated deficit as of June 30, 2003 was approximately $9,752,707, which includes approximately $2,427,000 of various non-cash charges related to certain equity transactions. We will need to continue to conduct significant research, development, testing and regulatory compliance activities that, together with projected general and administrative expenses, we expect will result in substantial operating losses for the next several years. Accordingly, we will not be generating our own capital and will remain dependent on outside sources of financing during that time. If we are unable to raise funds from outside sources for our continuing operations, we may be adversely affected.
We may raise such capital through public or private equity financings, partnerships, debt financings, bank borrowings, or other sources. Additional funding may not be available on favorable terms or at all. If adequate funds are not otherwise available, we may curtail operations significantly. To obtain additional funding, we may need to enter into arrangements that require us to relinquish rights to certain technologies, products and/or potential markets. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity, or securities convertible into equity, our equity holders may experience dilution of their proportionate ownership of the company.
Based on approximately $1,791,000 of available cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2003 and net proceeds of approximately $4,600,000 received in our private placement completed in July 2003 as well as net proceeds of approximately $4,100,000 received in our private placement completed in October 2003, we believe that we have sufficient capital to fund our operations through at least the first quarter of 2005. If actual expenses exceed our budget, however, we will need to raise additional capital sooner in order to meet our cash needs.
Our Product Candidates Will Be Based On Novel Unproven Technologies. Our product candidates will be based upon novel unproven technologies that we plan to use to apply to drugs currently used in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Carbohydrates are difficult to synthesize, and we may not be able to synthesize carbohydrates that would be usable as delivery vehicles for the anti-cancer drugs we plan to work with.
We Have Only Recently Begun Clinical Trials And Results Are Uncertain. We have one product candidate in clinical trials. Preclinical results in animal studies are not necessarily predictive of outcomes in human clinical trials. Clinical trials are expensive, time-consuming and may not be successful. They involve the testing of potential therapeutic agents, or effective treatments, in humans in three phases (phases I, II, and III) to determine the safety and efficacy of the product candidates necessary for an approved drug. Many products in human
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clinical trials fail to demonstrate the desired safety and efficacy characteristics. Even if our products progress successfully through initial human testing, they may fail in later stages of development. We will be dependent on others to conduct our clinical trials, including clinical research organizations and, possibly, government-sponsored agencies. These trials may not start or be completed as we forecast, or may be unsuccessful.
Our Product Candidates May Not Be Successfully Commercialized. Even if our product candidates are successful in clinical trials, they may not be successfully commercialized. Potential products may be found ineffective or cause harmful side effects during preclinical testing or clinical trials, fail to receive necessary regulatory approvals, be difficult to manufacture on a large scale, be uneconomical to produce, fail to achieve market acceptance, or be precluded from commercialization by proprietary rights of third parties.
Our Lack Of Operating Experience May Cause Us Difficulty In Managing Our Growth. We have no experience in manufacturing or procuring products in commercial quantities, conducting other later-stage phases of the regulatory approval process, selling pharmaceutical products, or negotiating, establishing and maintaining strategic relationships. Any growth of our company will require us to expand our management and our operational and financial systems and controls. If we are unable to do so, our business and financial condition would be materially harmed. If rapid growth occurs, it may strain our operational, managerial and financial resources.
We Will Depend On Third Parties To Manufacture And Market Our Products. We do not have, and do not now intend to develop facilities for the manufacture of any of our products for clinical or commercial production. Accordingly, we will need to develop relationships with manufacturers and enter into collaborative arrangements with licensees or have others manufacture our products on a contract basis. We expect to depend on such collaborators to supply us with products manufactured in compliance with standards imposed by the FDA and foreign regulators. In addition, we have no direct experience in marketing, sales or distribution, and we do not intend to develop a sales and marketing infrastructure to commercialize our pharmaceutical products. If we develop commercial products, we will need to rely on licensees, collaborators, joint venture partners or independent distributors to market and sell those products.
We Depend On Key Individuals To Develop Our Products And Pursue Collaborations. We are highly dependent on Dr. David Platt, President and Chief Executive Officer; Dr. Anatole Klyosov, a member of our Scientific Advisory Board and a consultant; and Dr. Eliezer Zomer, Vice President of Manufacturing and Product Development. The loss of any of these persons, or failure to attract or retain other key personnel, could prevent us from pursuing collaborations or developing our products and core technologies.
Risks Related to the Drug Development Industry
We Will Need Regulatory Approvals To Commercialize Our Products. We currently do not have products approved for sale in the U.S. or any foreign market. We are required to obtain approval from the FDA in order to sell our products in the U.S. and from foreign regulatory authorities in order to sell our products in other countries. The FDA’s review and approval process is lengthy, expensive and uncertain. Extensive preclinical and clinical data and supporting information must be submitted to the FDA for each indication for each product candidate in order to secure FDA approval. The FDA could reject an application or require us to conduct additional clinical or other studies as part of the regulatory review process. Delays in obtaining or failure to obtain FDA approvals would prevent or delay the commercialization of our products, which would prevent, defer or decrease our receipt of revenues. If we receive initial regulatory approval, our product candidates will be subject to extensive and rigorous ongoing domestic and foreign government regulation.
Our Competitive Position Depends On Protection Of Our Intellectual Property. Development and protection of our intellectual property are critical to our business. If we do not adequately protect our intellectual property, competitors may be able to practice our technologies. Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patent protection for our products or processes in the United States and other countries, protect trade secrets, and prevent others from infringing on our proprietary rights.
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Since patent applications in the United States are maintained in secrecy for at least portions of their pendency periods (published on U.S. patent issuance or, if earlier, 18 months from earliest filing date for most applications) and since other publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries, we cannot be certain that we are the first to make the inventions to be covered by our patent applications. The patent position of biopharmaceutical firms generally is highly uncertain and involves complex legal and factual questions. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has not established a consistent policy regarding the breadth of claims that it will allow in biotechnology patents.
We cannot assure you that all of our patent applications will issue as patents or that the claims of any issued patents will afford meaningful protection for our technologies or products. In addition, patents issued to us or our licensors may be challenged and subsequently narrowed, invalidated or circumvented. Patent litigation is widespread in the biotechnology industry and could harm our business. Litigation might be necessary to protect our patent position or to determine the scope and validity of third-party proprietary rights, and we may not have the required resources to pursue such litigation or to protect our patent rights.
Although we require our scientific and technical employees and consultants to enter into broad assignment of inventions agreements, we have not required Dr. Platt to do so. He has, however, assigned all his patents and patent applications of inventions related to our business. While our employees, consultants and corporate partners with access to proprietary information generally will be required to enter into confidentiality agreements, these agreements may not be honored.
Our Products Could Infringe The Intellectual Property Rights Of Others. We cannot assure that products based on our patents or intellectual property that we license from others will not be challenged by a third party claiming infringement of its proprietary rights. If we were not able to successfully defend our patents or licensed rights, we may have to pay substantial damages, possibly including treble damages, for past infringement.
We Face Intense Competition In The Biotechnology And Pharmaceutical Industries. The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are intensely competitive. We face direct competition from U.S. and foreign companies focusing on drug delivery technologies which are rapidly evolving. Our competitors include major, multinational pharmaceutical and chemical companies, specialized biotechnology firms and universities and other research institutions. Many of these competitors have greater financial and other resources, larger research and development staffs and more effective marketing and manufacturing organizations, than we do. In addition, academic and government institutions are increasingly likely to enter into exclusive licensing agreements with commercial enterprises, including our competitors, to market commercial products based on technology developed at such institutions. Our competitors may succeed in developing or licensing technologies and products that are more effective or less costly than ours, or succeed in obtaining FDA or other regulatory approvals for product candidates before we do.
Health Care Cost Containment Initiatives And The Growth Of Managed Care May Limit Our Returns. Our ability to commercialize our products successfully will be affected by the ongoing efforts of governmental and third-party payors to contain the cost of health care. These entities are challenging prices of health care products and services, denying or limiting coverage and reimbursement amounts for new therapeutic products, and for FDA-approved products considered experimental or investigational, or which are used for disease indications without FDA marketing approval.
Even if we succeed in bringing any products to the market, they may not be considered cost-effective and third-party reimbursement might not be available or sufficient. If adequate third-party coverage is not available, we may not be able to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on our investment in research and product development. In addition, legislation and regulations affecting the pricing of pharmaceuticals may change in ways adverse to us before or after any of our proposed products are approved for marketing.
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Our Insurance Coverage May Not Be Adequate In All Circumstances. In the future, we may, in the ordinary course of business, be subject to claims by, and liability to, persons alleging injury as a result of taking products we have under development. If we are successful in having products approved by the FDA, the sale of such products would expose us to additional potential product liability and other claims resulting from their use. This liability may result from claims made directly by consumers or by pharmaceutical companies or others selling such products. Although we currently have insurance coverage for both product liability and professional liability, it is possible that we will not be able to maintain such insurance on acceptable terms. Any inability to maintain insurance coverage on acceptable terms could prevent or limit the commercialization of any products we develop.
Risks Related to Our Stock
Stock Prices For Biopharmaceutical And Biotechnology Companies Are Volatile. The market price for securities of biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies historically has been highly volatile, and the market from time to time has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of such companies. Fluctuations in the trading price or liquidity of our common stock may adversely affect our ability to raise capital through future equity financings.
Large Sales Could Reduce The Trading Price Of Our Common Stock. We listed our common stock on the American Stock Exchange in September 2003, prior to which our stock traded on the OTC Bulletin Board. Accordingly, there is a limited history of trading of our stock on a national exchange and, based on trading volume to date, our stock could be considered “thinly traded.” In the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, we are registering on behalf of the “Selling Stockholders” identified below approximately 1,315,000 shares of our common stock and approximately 723,000 shares of stock issuable upon exercise of warrants held by them that are immediately exercisable. In July 2003 we registered on behalf of certain of our stockholders approximately 2,843,000 shares of our common stock sold to them in private placements we commenced before 2002. In general, shares of registered common stock may be re-sold into the public markets without volume or other restrictions. Large sales of our registered shares could place substantial downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock, particularly if the amount sold significantly exceeds the then-current trading volume of our stock.
Four Principal Stockholders Own Enough Shares To Control The Company. Four of our principal stockholders, David Platt, James Czirr, Offer Binder and Anatole Klyosov own or control approximately 51% of our outstanding shares of our common stock, and Dr. Platt and Mr. Czirr together own approximately 41%. Some or all of these stockholders, acting in concert, will be able to continue to elect the Board of Directors and take other corporate actions requiring stockholder approval, such as recapitalization or other fundamental corporate action, as well as dictate the direction and policies of our company. Such concentration of ownership also could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of the company that might otherwise be beneficial to stockholders.
Changes In Laws, Regulations And Financial Accounting Standards May Affect Our Reported Results Of Operations. The recently enacted Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related regulations may result in changes in accounting standards or accepted practices within our industry and could add significant new costs to being a public company. New pronouncements and varying interpretations of pronouncements have occurred in the past and are likely to occur in the future as a result of recent Congressional and regulatory actions. New laws, regulations and accounting standards, as well as potential changes to currently accepted accounting practices, including the expensing of stock options, could adversely affect our reported financial results and negatively affect our stock price. Additional unanticipated expenses incurred to comply with new requirements could also negatively impact our results of operations.
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The Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors recently approved grants of stock options, exercisable at $4.05 per share, of which 1,315,000 are outstanding. The Compensation Committee had several objectives for the grants: first, to compensate two long-term employees, one a senior administrator and the other a scientist, who received an aggregate of 700,000 immediately exercisable options, in recognition of their substantial contributions to Pro-Pharmaceuticals while in the development stage; second, to create incentives for key employees who, with this grant, hold an aggregate of 565,000 additional options that vest quarterly over a twelve-month period; and, third, to recognize the recent contributions of two non-employee scientists, one of whom is a director, who were each granted 25,000 immediately exercisable stock options.
On October 8, 2003, our Chief Financial Officer resigned for personal reasons and to pursue other opportunities. Our Chief Operating Officer, who has a background in financial management, has agreed to serve as our Acting Chief Financial Officer while we conduct an executive search.
This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “continue” or other similar words. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in such statements. We caution investors that actual results or business conditions may differ materially from those projected or suggested in forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, those described in the Risk Factors section of this prospectus. We cannot assure you that we have identified all the factors that create uncertainties. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly release the result of any revision of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
The proceeds from the sale of each selling stockholder’s common stock will belong to that selling stockholder. We will not receive any proceeds from those sales.
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This prospectus relates to the resale from time to time of up to a total of 2,037,593 shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders, comprising:
| • | 1,314,571 shares of common stock; |
| • | 657,293 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants with an exercise price of $5.29 per share; and |
| • | 65,729 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant with an exercise price of $6.86 per share, issued to Rodman & Renshaw, Inc. as part of its compensation for services rendered to us as placement agent for the financing described below. |
We issued these shares and warrants on October 2, 2003 in a private placement exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement dated October 2, 2003, we agreed to file a registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, with the SEC, to register the resale of the shares of our common stock we issued, and which we will issue upon exercise of warrants, to those stockholders and to keep the registration statement effective until the date when all of the shares registered hereunder are sold or the date on which the shares registered hereunder can be sold without registration and without restriction as to the number of shares that may be sold.
The following table, based upon information currently known by us, sets forth, as of October 2, 2003, the number of shares held of record or beneficially by the selling stockholders that may be offered under this prospectus, and provides a footnote reference to any material relationship between Pro-Pharmaceuticals and the selling stockholder, if any. Beneficial ownership includes shares of common stock plus any securities held by the holder exercisable for or convertible into shares of common stock within sixty (60) days after the date of this prospectus, in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
| Name of Selling Stockholder |
Common Stock Owned Prior to the Offering |
Common Stock Being Offered Pursuant to this Prospectus |
Common Stock Owned Upon Completion of this Offering |
Percentage of Common Stock Owned Upon Completion of this Offering | ||||
| Gryphon Master Fund, LP (1) |
214,286 | 214,286 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Gamma Opportunity Capital Partners, LP (2) |
42,857 | 42,857 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| SF Capital Partners Ltd. (3) |
214,285 | 214,285 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| TCMP3 (4) |
64,286 | 64,286 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Platinum Partners Value Arbitrage Fund (5) |
107,144 | 107,144 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Portside Growth and Opportunity Fund (6) |
107,144 | 107,144 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| OTAPE Investments LLC (7) |
128,571 | 128,571 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Ellis International Ltd (8) |
42,857 | 42,857 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Omicron Master Trust (9) |
85,715 | 85,715 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| AIG DKR Soundshore Private Investors Holding Fund Ltd. (10) |
42,857 | 42,857 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Bristol Investment Fund, Ltd. (11) |
64,286 | 64,286 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Delta Opportunity Fund, Ltd. (12) |
85,715 | 85,715 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Cranshire Capital L.P. (13) |
214,286 | 214,286 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Alpha Capital AG (14) |
171,429 | 171,429 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Crescent International Ltd. (15) |
129,000 | 129,000 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Langley Partners, L.P. (16) |
107,145 | 107,145 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| The Tail Wind Fund Limited (17) |
107,144 | 107,144 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Barucha LLC (18) |
42,857 | 42,857 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Rodman & Renshaw, Inc. (19) |
65,729 | 65,729 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| TOTAL |
2,037,593 | 2,037,593 | 0 | 0 |
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For each selling stockholder, the table above assumes the sale by that selling stockholder of all of its shares of common stock available for resale under this prospectus. Percentage calculations are based on 24,037,671 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding as of October 2, 2003.
| (1) | Includes 71,429 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (2) | Includes 14,286 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (3) | Includes 71,429 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (4) | Includes 21,429 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (5) | Includes 35,715 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (6) | Includes 35,715 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. The Investment Advisor to Portside Growth and Opportunity Fund is Ramius Capital Group, LLC. The Managing Member of Ramius Capital Group, LLC is C4S & Co., the Managing Members of which are Peter Cohen, Morgan Stark, Thomas Strauss and Jeffrey Solomon. As such, Messrs. Cohen, Stark, Strauss and Solomon may be deemed beneficial owners of shares issued and issuable to Portside Growth and Opportunity Fund. Messrs. Cohen, Stark, Strauss and Solomon disclaim beneficial ownership of all of such shares. |
| (7) | Includes 42,857 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (8) | Includes 14,286 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (9) | Includes 28,572 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (10) | Includes 14,286 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (11) | Includes 21,429 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (12) | Includes 28,572 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (13) | Includes 71,429 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (14) | Includes 57,143 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (15) | Includes 43,000 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (16) | Includes 35,715 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (17) | Includes 35,715 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (18) | Includes 14,286 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. |
| (19) | Consists of 65,729 shares subject to warrants that are currently exercisable. Rodman & Renshaw, Inc. is a registered broker-dealer and NASD member and acted as placement agent in connection with the sale of our common stock and warrants. |
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The selling stockholders and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:
| • | ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers; |
| • | block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; |
| • | purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account; |
| • | an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; |
| • | privately negotiated transactions; |
| • | settlement of short sales; |
| • | broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share; |
| • | a combination of any such methods of sale; and |
| • | any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law. |
The selling stockholders may also sell shares under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus.
Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated. The selling stockholders do not expect these commissions and discounts to exceed what is customary in the types of transactions involved.
The selling stockholders may from time to time pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock from time to time under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933 amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus.
The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Each selling stockholders has informed us that it does not have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the common stock.
We are required to pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the shares. We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
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The validity of the shares of common stock being offered hereby has been passed upon for Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc. by Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP of Boston, Massachusetts.
The financial statements for our Massachusetts predecessor corporation for the period from inception (July 10, 2000) through December 31, 2000, incorporated into this document by reference from our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2002, have been audited by Scillia Dowling & Natarelli LLC, independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in auditing and accounting.
The financial statements as of December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the years then ended, and for the period from inception (July 10, 2000) to December 31, 2002, incorporated into this document by reference from our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2002, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph referring to the ability of Pro-Pharmaceuticals to continue as a going concern), which is incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the public reference facilities the SEC maintains at Room 1024, Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may also obtain copies of such material by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC (450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549) at prescribed rates. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the operation of the public reference rooms. Our SEC filings are also available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC. The registration statement contains more information than this prospectus regarding us and the securities, including certain exhibits and schedules. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the above address or from the SEC’s Internet site.
Our world wide web address is www.pro-pharmaceuticals.com. We have not incorporated by reference into this prospectus the information on our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this document. Our web address is included in this document as an inactive textual reference only.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information contained in documents that we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those other documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we will make with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 prior to the termination of this offering:
| (1) | Our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed with the SEC on March 31, 2003 for the year ended December 31, 2002; |
| (2) | Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB filed with the SEC on May 14, 2003 for the quarter ended March 31, 2003; |
| (3) | Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB filed with the SEC on August 14, 2003 for the quarter ended June 30, 2003; |
| (4) | Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 9, 2003; |
| (5) | Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 26, 2003; |
| (6) | Our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 10, 2003; |
| (7) | All our filings pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 after the date of filing the initial registration statement and prior to effectiveness of the registration statement; and |
| (8) | The description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on September 9, 2003, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating that description. |
You may request, orally or in writing, a copy of these documents, which will be provided to you at no cost, by contacting:
Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
189 Wells Avenue
Newton, Massachusetts 02459
Attention: Anthony D. Squeglia, Vice President, Investor Relations
(617) 559-0033
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
The following table sets forth all costs and expenses to be incurred by Pro-Pharmaceuticals in connection with the preparation and filing of this Registration Statement. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee. We will pay all expenses in connection with the distribution of the shares of common stock being registered hereby, except for the fees and expenses of any counsel and other advisors that any selling stockholders may employ to represent them in connection with the offering and any brokerage or underwriting discounts or commissions paid to broker-dealers in connection with the sale of the shares.
| SEC Registration Fee |
$ | 732 | |
| Printing and Engraving Expenses |
$ | 1,000 | |
| Accountants’ Fees and Expenses |
$ | 12,800 | |
| Legal Fees and Expenses |
$ | 30,000 | |
| Transfer Agent Fees and Expenses |
$ | 500 | |
| Miscellaneous |
$ | 700 | |
| Total Expenses |
$ | 45,732 | |
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
The registrant’s By-laws, as amended to date, provide for indemnification of officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by Section 7502 of Chapter 78 of the Nevada Revised Statutes (“NRS”) (as from time to time amended), provided such officer or director acts in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believes to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the registrant, and with respect to any criminal matter, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful.
NRS 78.7502 states:
“1. A corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if he:
(a) Is not liable pursuant to NRS 78.138; or
(b) Acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.
The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person is liable pursuant to NRS 78.138 or did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, or that, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
2. A corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or
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was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if he:
(a) Is not liable pursuant to NRS 78.138; or
(b) Acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
3. To the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections 1 and 2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, the corporation shall indemnify him against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense.”
The registrant’s By-laws also provide that to the fullest extent permitted by NRS 78.751 (as from time to time amended), the registrant shall pay the expenses of officers and directors of the Corporation incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding, as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of such matter, upon receipt of an undertaking in form and substance acceptable to the Board of Directors for the repayment of such advances if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that the officer or director is not entitled to be indemnified.
NRS 78.751 states:
“1. Any discretionary indemnification pursuant to NRS 78.7502, unless ordered by a court or advanced pursuant to subsection 2, may be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances. The determination must be made:
(a) By the stockholders;
(b) By the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding;
(c) If a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or
(d) If a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
2. The articles of incorporation, the bylaws or an agreement made by the corporation may provide that the expenses of officers and directors incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding must be paid by the corporation as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The provisions of this subsection do not affect any rights to advancement of expenses to which corporate personnel other than directors or officers may be entitled under any contract or otherwise by law.
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3. The indemnification pursuant to NRS 78.7502 and advancement of expenses authorized in or ordered by a court pursuant to this section:
(a) Does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the articles of incorporation or any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, for either an action in his official capacity or an action in another capacity while holding his office, except that indemnification, unless ordered by a court pursuant to NRS 78.7502 or for the advancement of expenses made pursuant to subsection 2, may not be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a final adjudication establishes that his acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and was material to the cause of action.
(b) Continues for a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and inures to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.”
In addition, the registrant maintains directors’ and officers’ liability insurance which insures against liabilities that its directors and officers may incur in such capacities.
Reference is made to “Undertakings,” below, for the registrant’s undertakings in this registration statement with respect to indemnification of liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
EXHIBITS.
| Exhibit Number |
Description of Document | |
| 5 | Opinion of Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP (including the consent of such firm) regarding the legality of the securities being offered | |
| 23.1 | Consent of Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5 hereto) | |
| 23.2 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors | |
| 23.3 | Consent of Scillia Dowling & Natarelli LLC, independent auditors | |
| 24 | Powers of Attorney (included on signature page) | |
UNDERTAKINGS.
(a) The undersigned small business issuer will:
(1) File, during any period in which it offers or sells securities, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement to:
(i) Include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii) Reflect in the prospectus any facts or events which, individually or together, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement; and notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in the volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(iii) Include any additional or changed material information on the plan of distribution;
provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is incorporated by reference from periodic reports filed by the small business issuer under the Exchange Act.
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(2) For determining liability under the Securities Act, treat each post-effective amendment as a new registration statement of the securities offered, and the offering of the securities at that time to be the initial bona fide offering.
(3) File a post-effective amendment to remove from registration any of the securities that remain unsold at the end of the offering.
(b) The undersigned small business issuer hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the small business issuer’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference in this registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the small business issuer pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the small business issuer has been advised that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the small business issuer of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the small business issuer in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the small business issuer will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements of filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in Newton, Massachusetts, on October 22, 2003.
| PRO-PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | ||
| Registrant | ||
| By: |
/s/ DAVID PLATT | |
| David Platt | ||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints David Platt, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any or all amendments (including, without limitation, post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, any related Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and any or all pre- or post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully for all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or any substitute or substitutes for him, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates stated.
| Signature |
Title |
Date | ||
| /s/ DAVID PLATT David Platt, Ph.D. |
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ MAUREEN FOLEY Maureen Foley |
Acting Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) and Chief Operating Officer |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ JAMES C. CZIRR James C. Czirr |
Executive Vice President of Business Development and Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ BURTON C. FIRTEL Burton C. Firtel |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ DALE H. CONAWAY, D.V.M. Dale H. Conaway, D.V.M. |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ DAVID H. SMITH David H. Smith |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ EDGAR BEN-JOSEF, M.D. Edgar Ben-Josef, M.D. |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ STEVEN PRELACK Steven Prelack |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
| /s/ MILDRED S. CHRISTIAN, PH.D. Mildred S. Christian, Ph.D. |
Director |
October 22, 2003 | ||
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EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit Number |
Description of Document | |
| 5 | Opinion of Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP (including the consent of such firm) regarding the legality of the securities being offered | |
| 23.1 | Consent of Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5 hereto) | |
| 23.2 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors | |
| 23.3 | Consent of Scillia Dowling & Natarelli LLC, independent auditors | |
| 24 | Powers of Attorney (included on signature page) | |
Exhibit 5
October 22, 2003
Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
189 Wells Avenue
Newton, Massachusetts 02458
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel for Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the “Registration Statement”), including a prospectus to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of Regulation C promulgated under the Securities Act (the “Prospectus”) relating to the offering of up to 2,037,593 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $.001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The Shares consist of (i) 1,314,571 Shares that are currently issued and outstanding (the “Issued Shares”) and (ii) 723,022 Shares that are issuable upon the exercise of outstanding Common Stock purchase warrants (the “Warrant Shares”). All of the Shares are being registered on behalf of stockholders of the Company (the “Selling Stockholders”).
As counsel to the Company, in connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon such records, documents, certificates and other instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to form the basis for the opinions set forth herein. In our examinations, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons signing or delivering any instrument, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents.
Our opinion in paragraph 1 below, insofar as it relates to the Selling Stockholders’ shares being fully paid, is based solely on a certificate of an officer of the Company confirming the Company’s receipt of the consideration called for by the applicable resolutions authorizing the issuance of such shares.
Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
October 22, 2003
Page 2
Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
1. The Issued Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable.
2. The Warrant Shares to be issued upon the exercise of warrants have been duly authorized and, when issued upon such exercise in accordance with the terms of the outstanding warrants to which they relate, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to this firm appearing under the heading “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the General Rules and Regulations of the Commission thereunder.
| Very truly yours, |
| /s/ PERKINS SMITH & COHEN LLP
Perkins Smith & Cohen LLP |
Exhibit 23.2
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement of Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form S-3 of our report dated March 24, 2003 (which expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph referring to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern), appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-KSB of Pro-Pharmaceuticals for the year ended December 13, 2002, and to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Deloitte & Touche LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
October 20, 2003
Exhibit 23.3
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ CONSENT
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement of Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form S-3, pertaining to the registration of 2,037,593 shares of common stock, of our report dated April 10, 2002 with respect to the financial statements of the Company (which expresses an unqualified opinion), which appears in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2002 and to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.
/s/ SCILLIA DOWLING & NATARELLI LLC
Scillia Dowling & Natarelli LLC
Hartford, CT
October 20, 2003