0001140361-25-042116 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer | Galectin Therapeutics INC

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Maturity of operating lease as of September 30, 2025 in thousands:


2025	$	16
2026		22
Total		38
Less imputed interest		(1	)
Present value of lease liability	$	37

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

5. Stock-Based Compensation

Following is the stock-based compensation expense related to common stock options, restricted common stock, common stock warrants and deferred stock units:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025		2024		2025		2024
	in thousands
Research and development	$	250	$	340	$	780	$	709
General and administrative		248		175		684		633
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	498	$	515	$	1,464	$	1,342

The following table summarizes the stock option activity in the Company’s equity incentive plans, including non-plan grants to Company executives, from December 31, 2024 through September 30, 2025:


	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, December 31, 2024	6,854,758		$	2.39
Granted	1,211,000			1.23
Exercised	(561,004	)		1.98
Options forfeited/cancelled	(177,334	)		(2.11	)
Outstanding, September 30, 2025	7,327,420		$	2.23

As of September 30, 2025, there was $717,000 of unrecognized compensation related to 1,339,502 unvested options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted–average period of approximately 0.7 years. The weighted-average grant date fair value for options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $0.87. The Company granted 1,211,000 stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The fair value of all other options granted is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The following weighted average assumptions were used:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.48	%	3.88	%
Expected life of the options	5.6 years		5.4 years
Expected volatility of the underlying stock	83	%	75	%
Expected dividend rate	0	%	0	%

In January 2025, the Company’s board chairman elected to take restricted stock grants in lieu of cash retainers for 2025. A total of 32,250 shares of restricted stock valued at approximately $40,000 is being amortized to expense on a straight-line basis until December 31, 2025 when the stock vests in full. In January 2024, the Company’s board chairman elected to take restricted stock grants in lieu of cash retainers for 2024. A total of 23,256 shares of restricted stock valued at approximately $40,000 was amortized to expense on a straight-line basis until December 31, 2024 when the stock vested in full.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company issued 504,000 restricted stock units to its employees valued at $620,000 at the date of grant. These restricted stock units will vest 100% on the earlier of entering into a partnership or December 31, 2025. The Company believes that is probable that the vesting condition will be met and is amortizing the restricted stock unit expense ratably in 2025. The amount of expense recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $154,000 and $421,000, respectively.

In September 2020, the Company entered into an employment agreement with its new Chief Executive Officer whereby 20% of his base salary and performance bonuses will be paid in cash, and 80% will be paid in the form of deferred stock units (“DSUs”) through December 31, 2022 in accordance with the terms and subject to the provisions set forth in the DSU Agreement. DSUs credited to Mr. Lewis as of any date shall be fully vested and nonforfeitable at all times. Pursuant to an amendment to the DSU Agreement in July 2022, the Company shall issue the shares earned through December 31, 2022 underlying the outstanding whole number of DSUs credited to Mr. Lewis as follows: twenty five percent shall be issued on March 1, 2023, fifty percent shall be issued on March 1, 2024 and twenty five percent shall be issued on September 1, 2028. Additionally, a 2023 DSU Agreement was executed in July 2022, whereby Mr. Lewis would continue to receive 20% of salary in cash and 80% in DSUs through December 31, 2023. The shares under the 2023 DSU Agreement are to be issued fifty percent on March 1, 2025 and fifty percent on January 5, 2026.

On March 1, 2025, fifty percent of the DSU’s were issued to Mr. Lewis in accordance with the 2023 DSU Agreement. A total of 137,563 shares were due to be issued; however, 56,420 shares were withheld to cover income tax withholding of $88,579 (charged to additional paid in capital) resulting in 81,144 shares actually issued.

On March 1, 2024, fifty percent of the DSU’s were issued to Mr. Lewis in accordance with the DSU Agreement. A total of 367,800 shares were due to be issued; however, 153,288 shares were withheld to cover income tax withholding of $300,445 (charged to additional paid in capital) resulting in 214,512 shares actually issued.

There is no unrecognized compensation expense related to the DSUs.

Cover - shares	9 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Sep. 30, 2025	Nov. 07, 2025
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2025
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001133416
Entity File Number	001-31791
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3562325
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Contact Personnel [Line Items]
Entity Address, Address Line One	4960 Peachtree Industrial Blvd.
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 240
Entity Address, City or Town	Norcross
Entity Address, State or Province	GA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	30071
Entity Phone Fax Numbers [Line Items]
City Area Code	678
Local Phone Number	620 -3186
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	GALT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		64,472,792

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025 $ / shares shares
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Outstanding at beginning of period \| shares	6,854,758
Outstanding at beginning of period \| $ / shares	$ 2.39
Granted \| shares	1,211,000
Granted \| $ / shares	$ 1.23
Exercised \| shares	(561,004)
Exercised \| $ / shares	$ 1.98
Options forfeited/cancelled \| shares	(177,334)
Options forfeited/cancelled \| $ / shares	$ (2.11)
Outstanding at end of period \| shares	7,327,420
Outstanding at end of period \| $ / shares	$ 2.23

Stock-Based Compensation - Components of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 498	$ 515	$ 1,464	$ 1,342
Research and Development [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Total stock-based compensation expense	250	340	780	709
General and Administrative [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 248	$ 175	$ 684	$ 633

Loss Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Loss Per Share [Abstract]

Loss Per Share

7. Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and other potential common shares then outstanding. Potential common shares consist of common shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of in-the-money stock options and warrants and potential common shares related to the conversion of the preferred stock. The computation of diluted net loss per share does not assume the issuance of common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect on net loss per share.

Dilutive shares which could exist pursuant to the exercise of outstanding stock instruments and which were not included in the calculation because their affect would have been anti-dilutive are as follows:


	September 30, 2025	September 30, 2024
	(shares)	(shares)
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock	3,972,154	9,622,945
Options to purchase shares of common stock	7,324,420	7,308,508
Restricted stock units	496,520	401,256
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes payable – related party	7,479,217	6,872,504
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible line of credit – related party	30,103,330	24,698,459
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of preferred stock	495,007	499,174
	49,870,648	49,402,846

During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the Company discovered that 5,732,253 common stock purchase warrants held by 10X Fund L.P. or 10X Capital Management LLC (collectively, “10X”) had expired without being exercised in February 2025. In September 2023, the Company and 10X Fund L.P. entered into an agreement to extend the expiration date for the 5,732,253 common stock purchase warrants to the earliest of (a) September 30, 2026, (b) thirty days after 10X fails to vote all of the shares common stock then owned by them in the manner recommended by the Company’s Board of Directors, or (c) thirty days after the Company’s common stock has a closing price of at least $6.00 per share for 10 consecutive trading days. 10X failed to vote at least 4.8 million shares at the January 23, 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and thus common stock purchase warrants held by 10X expired on February 22, 2025. The Company had included these common stock purchase warrants in the footnotes regarding potentially dilutive shares in its March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025 Form 10-Qs. After the expiration of these warrants in February 2025, the adjusted number of warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025 were 3,863,524 and 3,972,177, respectively. The adjusted total potentially dilutive shares as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025 were 45,590,704 and 49,454,730, respectively.

Segments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Segments [Abstract]

Segments

10. Segments

Operating segments are identified as components of an entity about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the CODM, or decision-making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s CODM, the Chief Executive Officer, views the Company’s operations as one operating segment, which is focused on creating new therapies for fibrotic disease based on targeting galectin proteins. The Company does not have revenue in the current comparative period, incurs expenses primarily in North America and manages the business activities on a consolidated basis.

The accounting policies of the fibrotic disease therapeutics segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.

The CODM assesses performance for the fibrotic disease therapeutics segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net loss that also is reported on the income statement as consolidated net loss. The measure of segment assets is reported on the balance sheet as cash and cash equivalents.

The Company has not generated any product revenue in the current period and expects to continue to incur significant expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future as the Company advances its product candidates through all stages of development and clinical trials.

As such, the CODM uses cash forecast models in deciding how to invest into the fibrotic disease therapeutics segment. Such cash forecast models are reviewed to assess the entity-wide operating results and performance. Net loss is used to monitor budget versus actual results. Monitoring budgeted versus actual results, net cash used in operating activities for the period and cash on hand are used in assessing performance of the segment.

The table below summarizes the significant expense categories regularly reviewed by the CODM for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands).


	Nine Months Ended June 30,
		2025			2024
	(in thousands)
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	12,357		$	25,462
General and administrative		4,363			4,543
Total operating expenses		16,720			30,005
Total operating loss		(16,720	)		(30,005	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		101			254
Interest expense		(5,390	)		(3,815	)
Change in fair value of derivatives		(3,327	)		(1,514	)
Total other expense		(8,616	)		(5,075	)
Net loss	$	(25,336	)	$	(35,080	)
Preferred stock dividends		(76	)		(90	)
Net loss applicable to common stockholders	$	(25,412	)	$	(35,170	)

Other segment items included in segment loss include interest income and interest expense.

The Company is a single operating segment and therefore the measure of segment net loss is the same as consolidated net loss and does not require reconciliation.

For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the net cash used in operating activities was $17.8 million and $29.0 million, respectively. The table below summarizes the significant asset categories regularly reviewed by the CODM as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands).


		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,525	$	15,120

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

4. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company has certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize observable data such as quoted prices in active markets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. The carrying amounts reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying value due to their short-term nature. There were no level 1 or 2 assets or liabilities at September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. See below for Fair Value of Derivatives related to Convertible Notes Payable at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, which are level 3 liabilities.

Level 3 assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:


		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest April Note	$	1,594,000	$	47,000
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest September Note	$	808,000	$	94,000
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest December Note	$	1,340,000	$	275,000

The April Note derivative liability – contingent interest was valued using a Monte Carlo Geometric Brownian Stock Path Model. The key assumptions used in the model at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	5.00		$	5.00
Term		1.00 years			0.29 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.37	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		152	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

The roll forward of the April Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	47,000
Fair Value Adjustment		1,547,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	1,594,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	431,000
Fair Value Adjustment		771,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	1,202,000

The September Note derivative liability – contingent interest was valued using a Monte Carlo Geometric Brownian Stock Path Model. The key assumptions used in the model at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	8.64		$	8.64
Term		1.00 years			0.72 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.16	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		111	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

The roll forward of the September Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	94,000
Fair Value Adjustment		714,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	808,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	169,000
Fair Value Adjustment		190,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	359,000

The December Note derivative liability – contingent interest was valued using a Monte Carlo Geometric Brownian Stock Path Model. The key assumptions used in the model at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are as follows:


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	5.43		$	5.43
Term		1.00 years			0.97 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.16	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		102	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

The roll forward of the December Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	275,000
Fair Value Adjustment		1,065,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	1,340,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	404,000
Fair Value Adjustment		553,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	957,000

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 940
-SubTopic 820
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1

+ Details

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

Level 3 assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:


		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest April Note	$	1,594,000	$	47,000
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest September Note	$	808,000	$	94,000
Derivative Liability – Contingent Interest December Note	$	1,340,000	$	275,000

April Note [Member]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Key Assumptions Used in Model at Inception


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	5.00		$	5.00
Term		1.00 years			0.29 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.37	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		152	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

Roll Forward of Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest

The roll forward of the April Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	47,000
Fair Value Adjustment		1,547,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	1,594,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	431,000
Fair Value Adjustment		771,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	1,202,000

September Note [Member]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Key Assumptions Used in Model at Inception


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	8.64		$	8.64
Term		1.00 years			0.72 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.16	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		111	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

Roll Forward of Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest

The roll forward of the September Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	94,000
Fair Value Adjustment		714,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	808,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	169,000
Fair Value Adjustment		190,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	359,000

December Note [Member]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Key Assumptions Used in Model at Inception


		September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Stock Price	$	4.24		$	1.29
Conversion Price of conversion feature	$	5.43		$	5.43
Term		1.00 years			0.97 years
Risk Free Interest Rate		3.68	%		4.16	%
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate		12.43	%		12.43	%
Volatility		110	%		102	%
Dividend Rate		0	%		0	%

Roll Forward of Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest

The roll forward of the December Note derivative liability – contingent interest is as follows:

Balance – December 31, 2024	$	275,000
Fair Value Adjustment		1,065,000
Balance – September 30, 2025	$	1,340,000

Balance – December 31, 2023	$	404,000
Fair Value Adjustment		553,000
Balance – September 30, 2024	$	957,000

Galectin Sciences LLC (Details) - Galectin Sciences, LLC [Member] - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		129 Months Ended	141 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2014	Dec. 31, 2014	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025
Galectin Sciences LLC [Abstract]
Initial cash investment	$ 400,000
Equity ownership percentage			85.40%		85.40%	85.40%
Amount expanded in cash		$ 400,000
Contribution for expenses			$ 42,000	$ 313,000		$ 4,172,000
SBH [Member]
Galectin Sciences LLC [Abstract]
Equity ownership percentage	50.00%
Contribution for expenses					$ 711,000
SBH [Member] \| IPR&D [Member]
Galectin Sciences LLC [Abstract]
Estimated fair value of asset contributed to joint venture	$ 400,000

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Roll Forward of December Note Derivative Liability (Details) - December Note [Member] - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Balance	$ 275,000	$ 404,000
Fair Value Adjustment	1,065,000	553,000
Balance	$ 1,340,000	$ 957,000

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss	$ (25,336)	$ (35,080)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows from operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	1,464	1,857
Amortization of right to use lease asset	12	27
Non-cash interest expense	911	748
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities	3,326	1,514
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other assets	895	444
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(3,584)	(1,553)
Accrued interest on convertible debt - related party	4,479	3,067
Net cash from operating activities	(17,833)	(28,976)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net proceeds from exercise of common stock options and warrants	1,167	376
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock	2,071	0
Net proceeds from convertible line of credit – related party	11,000	30,000
Net cash flows from financing activities	14,238	30,376
NET (DECREASE)/INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(3,595)	1,400
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD	15,120	25,660
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD	11,525	27,060
NONCASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Payment of preferred stock dividends in common stock	76	90
Noncash right to use lease asset	61	0
Common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with related party line of credit	$ 213	$ 845

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - Recurring [Member] - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Assets	$ 0	$ 0
Liabilities	0	0
Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Assets	0	0
Liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

- Definition

Fair value of financial obligations, including, but not limited to, debt instruments, derivative liabilities, federal funds purchased and sold under agreements to repurchase, securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase, financial instruments sold not yet purchased, guarantees, line of credit, loans and notes payable, servicing liability, and trading liabilities.

+ References + Details

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		7 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2025	Jan. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 01, 2025	Mar. 01, 2024
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Unrecognized compensation cost (in Dollars)			$ 717,000		$ 717,000		$ 717,000
Unvested options (in Shares)			1,339,502		1,339,502		1,339,502
Unrecognized compensation cost, recognition period							8 months 12 days
Weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted (in Dollars per share)							$ 0.87
Granted (in Shares)							1,211,000
Amortized expense (in Dollars)			$ 498,000	$ 515,000			$ 1,464,000	$ 1,342,000
Restricted stock units valued at grant (in Dollars)							$ 620,000
Vesting percentage of Restricted Stock Units							100.00%
Restricted Stock [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Restricted stock awards granted (in Shares)							504,000
Amortized expense (in Dollars)			154,000				$ 421,000
Board Chairman [Member] \| Restricted Stock [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Restricted stock awards granted (in Shares)	32,250	23,256
Amortized expense (in Dollars)	$ 40,000	$ 40,000
Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Unrecognized compensation cost (in Dollars)			$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Deferred Bonus [Member] \| Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Percentage of base salary paid in cash									20.00%	20.00%
Percentage of base salary paid in deferred stock units									80.00%	80.00%
Percentage of DSUs shall be credited on March 1, 2023										25.00%
Percentage of DSUs shall be credited on March 1, 2024										50.00%
Percentage of DSUs shall be credited on September 1, 2028										25.00%
Percentage of DSUs shall be credited on March 1, 2025									50.00%		50.00%	50.00%
Percentage of DSUs shall be credited on January 5, 2026									50.00%
Shares unissued (in Shares)			137,563	367,800	137,563	367,800	137,563	367,800
Shares withheld to cover income tax withholding (in Shares)					56,420	153,288
Income tax payment withholding (in Dollars)					$ 88,579	$ 300,445
Shares issued (in Shares)					81,144	214,512

Common Stock (Details) - 2020 Market Agreement [Member] - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Common Stock [Abstract]
Aggregate offering price (in Dollars)		$ 40,000,000
Percentage of commission rate to be paid to sales agent		3.00%
Issuance of common stock (in Shares)		592,504	0
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock (in Dollars) (in Dollars)		$ 2,071,000
Series A And Series C Preferred Stock [Member]
Common Stock [Abstract]
Common stock issued for dividends (in Shares)		24,450	29,032
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Common Stock [Abstract]
Convertible preferred stock (in Shares)	25,000
Common stock issued upon conversion (in Shares)	4,167

Accrued Expenses and Other

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Accrued Expenses and Other [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses and Other

2. Accrued Expenses and Other

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Legal and accounting fees	$	94	$	74
Accrued compensation		1,100		1,523
Lease liability		37		19
Accrued research and development costs and other		3,807		6,588
Total	$	5,038	$	8,204

Research and development expenses, including personnel costs, allocated facility costs, lab supplies, outside services, contract laboratory costs related to manufacturing drug product, clinical trials and preclinical studies are charged to research and development expense as incurred. The Company accounts for nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities as expense when the service has been performed or when the goods have been received. Our current NAVIGATE clinical trial is being supported by third-party contract research organizations, or CROs, and other vendors. We accrue expenses for clinical trial activities performed by CROs based upon the estimated amount of work completed on each trial. For clinical trial expenses and related expenses associated with the conduct of clinical trials, the significant factors used in estimating accruals include the number of patients enrolled, the number of active clinical sites, and the duration for which the patients have been enrolled in the trial. We monitor patient enrollment levels and related activities to the extent possible through internal reviews, review of contractual terms and correspondence with CROs. We base our estimates on the best information available at the time. We monitor patient enrollment levels and related activities to the extent possible through discussions with CRO personnel and based our estimates of clinical trial costs on the best information available at the time. However, additional information may become available to us which will allow us to make a more accurate estimate in future periods. In that event, we may be required to record adjustments to research and development expenses in future periods when the actual level of activity becomes more certain.

Leases - Maturity of Operating Lease (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2025	$ 16
2026	22
Total	38
Less imputed interest	(1)
Present value of lease liability	$ 37

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

12. Leases

The Company has one operating lease for its office space which was amended effective March 1, 2022 for a term of 38 months with no residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The amended lease provided for free rent for the first six and a half months of the lease and continues the security deposit of $6,000. In addition to base rental payments included in the contractual obligations table above, the Company is responsible for our pro-rata share of the operating expenses for the building. Our lease cost for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was approximately $41,000 and $32,000, respectively, for and is included in general and administrative expenses. In March 2025, the Company renewed its existing office space lease effective for twelve months at substantially the same terms. As of September 30, 2025, the right to use lease asset consisted of $37,000 and is included in other assets. Also, at September 30, 2025, current lease liability of $37,000 is included in accrued expenses.

Maturity of operating lease as of September 30, 2025 in thousands:


2025	$	16
2026		22
Total		38
Less imputed interest		(1	)
Present value of lease liability	$	37

The discount rate used in calculating the present value of the lease payments was 14%.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$ 2,611	$ 7,595	$ 12,357	$ 25,462
General and administrative	1,587	1,471	4,363	4,543
Total operating expenses	4,198	9,066	16,720	30,005
Total operating loss	(4,198)	(9,066)	(16,720)	(30,005)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	39	93	101	254
Interest expense	(1,820)	(1,494)	(5,390)	(3,815)
Change in fair value of derivative	(2,205)	(753)	(3,327)	(1,514)
Total other income (expense)	(3,986)	(2,154)	(8,616)	(5,075)
Net loss	(8,184)	(11,220)	(25,336)	(35,080)
Preferred stock dividends	(39)	(18)	(76)	(90)
Net loss applicable to common stockholders	$ (8,223)	$ (11,238)	$ (25,412)	$ (35,170)
Net loss per common share — basic (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.13)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.4)	$ (0.57)
Net loss per common share — diluted (in Dollars per share)	$ (0.13)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.4)	$ (0.57)
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic (in Shares)	64,205	62,278	63,623	62,163
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted (in Shares)	64,205	62,278	63,623	62,163

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Roll Forward of April Note Derivative Liability (Details) - April Note [Member] - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Balance	$ 47,000	$ 431,000
Fair Value Adjustment	1,547,000	771,000
Balance	$ 1,594,000	$ 1,202,000

Common Stock	9 Months Ended
Common Stock	Sep. 30, 2025
Common Stock [Abstract]
Common Stock	8. Common Stock On May 11, 2020, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “2020 At Market Agreement”) with a sales agent under which the Company may issue and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $40.0 million from time to time through the sales agent. Sales of the Company’s common stock through the sales agent, if any, will be made by any method that is deemed an “at the market” offering as defined by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company will pay to the sales agent a commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of any shares of common stock sold through the sales agent under the 2020 At Market Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, 592,504 shares of common stock were issued under the 2020 At Market Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $2,071,000. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, there were no issuances of shares of common stock under the 2020 At Market Agreement. For each of the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company issued a total of 24,450 and 29,032 shares of common stock, respectively, for dividends on Series A and Series C Preferred Stock. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, 25,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into 4,167 shares of common stock.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

+ Details

Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Sep. 30, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	11. Commitments and Contingencies Other Legal Proceedings The Company records accruals for such contingencies to the extent that the Company concludes that their occurrence is probable, and the related damages are estimable. There are no significant pending legal proceedings. Clinical Trial and Research Commitments The Company has entered into agreements with contractors for research and development activities to further its product candidates. The contracts generally may be canceled at any time by providing thirty days’ notice. The Company is involved in a negotiation with a contract vendor for clinical trial management services provided in the United States. The Company has accrued its estimate of the amount owed to the contract vendor.

Accrued Expenses and Other - Accrued Expenses and Other (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Accrued Expenses and Other [Abstract]
Legal and accounting fees	$ 94	$ 74
Accrued compensation	1,100	1,523
Lease liability	37	19
Accrued research and development costs and other	3,807	6,588
Total	$ 5,038	$ 8,204
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Total	Total

Common Stock Warrants (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Common Stock Warrants [Abstract]

Common Stock Warrant Activity

The following table summarizes the common stock warrant activity from December 31, 2024 through September 30, 2025:


	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, December 31, 2024	9,595,940		$	4.22
Granted	220,000			3.00
Exercised	—			—
Forfeited/cancelled	(5,843,786	)		3.00
Outstanding, September 30, 2025	3,972,154		$	5.93

Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	9 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	Sep. 30, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]
Contract cancelation notice period	30 days

Stock-Based Compensation - Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Options Granted (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Risk-free interest rate	4.48%	3.88%
Expected life of the options	5 years 7 months 6 days	5 years 4 months 24 days
Expected volatility of the underlying stock	83.00%	75.00%
Expected dividend rate	0.00%	0.00%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Roll Forward of September Note Derivative Liability (Details) - September Note [Member] - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Balance	$ 94,000	$ 169,000
Fair Value Adjustment	714,000	190,000
Balance	$ 808,000	$ 359,000

Segments - Significant Expense and Asset Categories (Details) - Business Operating Segment [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024
Segments [Abstract]
Research and development	$ 12,357	$ 25,462
General and administrative	4,363	4,543
Total operating expenses	16,720	30,005
Total operating loss	(16,720)	(30,005)
Interest income	101	254
Interest expense	(5,390)	(3,815)
Change in fair value of derivatives	(3,327)	(1,514)
Total other income (expense)	(8,616)	(5,075)
Net loss	(25,336)	(35,080)
Preferred stock dividends	(76)	(90)
Net loss applicable to common stockholders	(25,412)	$ (35,170)
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,525		$ 15,120

Loss Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Loss Per Share [Abstract]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share


	September 30, 2025	September 30, 2024
	(shares)	(shares)
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock	3,972,154	9,622,945
Options to purchase shares of common stock	7,324,420	7,308,508
Restricted stock units	496,520	401,256
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes payable – related party	7,479,217	6,872,504
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible line of credit – related party	30,103,330	24,698,459
Shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of preferred stock	495,007	499,174
	49,870,648	49,402,846

Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party (Details) - USD ($)														3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 08, 2025	Jun. 30, 2025	Apr. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Nov. 14, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 28, 2024	Mar. 29, 2024	Dec. 29, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 19, 2022	Jul. 25, 2022	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2024
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)														$ 0.001		$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Expected life																5 years 7 months 6 days	5 years 4 months 24 days
Expected volatility																83.00%	75.00%
Risk free interest rate																4.48%	3.88%
Expected dividend																0.00%	0.00%
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)																$ 11,000,000	$ 30,000,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants to purchase common stock (in Shares)													1,700,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)				$ 0.001									$ 0.001
Percentage of warrants equal to the closing price of common stock				150.00%									150.00%
Warrants expiry date														Jul. 31, 2029		Jul. 31, 2029
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants to purchase common stock (in Shares)	200,000			100,000
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.001													$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Line of credit (in Dollars)	$ 10,000,000												$ 60,000,000
Additional short term borrowing interest rate							2.00%	2.00%	2.00%				2.00%
Promissory note, maturity date																Sep. 30, 2026
Share price (in Dollars per share)							$ 3	$ 3	$ 3
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)							$ 10,000,000	$ 10,000,000	$ 10,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans							7.01%	6.62%	7.13%
Short term borrowing interest rate							5.01%	4.62%	5.13%
Effective interest rate							7.40%	7.10%	7.50%
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| December 2022 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Additional short term borrowing interest rate												2.00%
Share price (in Dollars per share)														$ 3		$ 3
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)												$ 10,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans												6.46%
Short term borrowing interest rate												4.46%
Effective interest rate												7.10%
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														$ 1,963,000		$ 1,963,000			$ 1,399,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| March 2023 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Additional short term borrowing interest rate											2.00%
Share price (in Dollars per share)											$ 3
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)											$ 10,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans											6.41%
Short term borrowing interest rate											4.41%
Effective interest rate											7.10%
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														1,733,000		1,733,000			1,184,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| June 2023 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Additional short term borrowing interest rate										2.00%
Share price (in Dollars per share)										$ 3
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)										$ 10,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans										6.34%
Short term borrowing interest rate										4.34%
Effective interest rate										7.10%
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														1,529,000		1,529,000			995,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| December 2023 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														1,325,000		1,325,000			737,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| March 2024 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														1,041,000		1,041,000			508,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| June 2024 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														860,000		860,000			336,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member] \| September 2024 Promissory Note [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														$ 631,000		$ 631,000			$ 154,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Supplemental Line of Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Line of credit (in Dollars)	$ 10,000,000
Additional short term borrowing interest rate	2.00%		2.00%			2.00%		2.00%
Promissory note, maturity date																Sep. 30, 2026
Share price (in Dollars per share)			$ 3		$ 3									$ 3		$ 3
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)						$ 4.13									$ 4.13		$ 4.13
Percentage of warrants equal to the closing price of common stock	150.00%													150.00%		150.00%
Warrants expiry date														Jul. 31, 2029		Jul. 31, 2029
Warrants issuance value (in Dollars)						$ 307,780
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)						$ 10,000,000		$ 10,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans			6.13%			6.13%
Short term borrowing interest rate			4.13%			5.01%									5.01%		5.01%
Effective interest rate			6.40%			6.40%									6.40%		6.40%
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														$ 154,000		$ 154,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Additional Supplemental Line Of Credit Member
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Line of credit (in Dollars)					$ 6,000,000
Additional short term borrowing interest rate					2.00%
Promissory note, maturity date																Mar. 31, 2026
Share price (in Dollars per share)								$ 3
Warrants to purchase common stock (in Shares)					120,000
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)					$ 0.001
Percentage of warrants equal to the closing price of common stock					150.00%
Warrants expiry date														Jul. 31, 2029		Jul. 31, 2029
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)			$ 6,000,000
Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Line of credit (in Dollars)				$ 5,000,000
Additional short term borrowing interest rate		2.00%		2.00%
Promissory note, maturity date																Mar. 31, 2026
Share price (in Dollars per share)		$ 3
Warrants expiry date														Jul. 31, 2029		Jul. 31, 2029
Proceeds from lines of credit (in Dollars)		$ 5,000,000
Interest rate on short term loans		5.93%
Short term borrowing interest rate		3.93%
Effective interest rate		6.40%
Accrued interest (in Dollars)														$ 75,000		$ 75,000
Warrant [Member
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants issuance value (in Dollars)													$ 738,000
Expected life						4 years 9 months 29 days							7 years
Expected volatility						78.00%							92.00%
Risk free interest rate						3.58%							3.19%
Expected dividend						0.00%							0.00%
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														25,000	$ 53,000	129,000	$ 157,000
Warrant [Member \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)													$ 5
Warrant One [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants issuance value (in Dollars)												$ 160,780
Expected life												7 years
Expected volatility												91.00%
Risk free interest rate												4.06%
Expected dividend												0.00%
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														6,000	13,000	32,000	39,000
Warrant One [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)		$ 3	$ 3				$ 3.39	$ 3.59	$ 3	$ 3	$ 3.26	$ 3
Warrant Two [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants issuance value (in Dollars)		$ 132,000	$ 80,040				$ 260,000	$ 277,389		$ 179,920	$ 296,680							$ 193,745
Expected life		4 years 29 days	4 years 3 months				5 years 10 days	5 years 3 months 29 days		6 years 29 days	6 years 3 months 29 days							5 years 8 months 12 days
Expected volatility		86.00%	84.00%				77.00%	75.00%		85.00%	88.00%							79.00%
Risk free interest rate		3.75%	3.65%				4.29%	4.19%		3.59%	3.94%							4.49%
Expected dividend		0.00%	0.00%				0.00%	0.00%		0.00%	0.00%							0.00%
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														12,000	26,000	64,000	78,000
Warrant Three [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														8,000	17,000	43,000	52,000
Warrant Four [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														11,000	23,000	58,000	70,000
Warrant Five [Member
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														18,000	38,000	94,000	76,000
Warrant Six [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														19,000	$ 41,000	102,000	$ 41,000
Warrant Seven [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														27,000		143,000
Warrant Eight [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														12,000		31,000
Warrant Nine [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Amortization of interest expense (in Dollars)														$ 26,000		$ 26,000
Minimum [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)													$ 3
Minimum [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Supplemental Line of Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)	$ 3													$ 3		$ 3
Minimum [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Additional Supplemental Line Of Credit Member
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)					$ 3
Minimum [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)				$ 3
Maximun [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants to purchase common stock (in Shares)										200,000
Maximun [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Warrants to purchase common stock (in Shares)		100,000	120,000			200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	500,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000	200,000
Warrants to purchase additional common stock (in Shares)													1,200,000
Maximun [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Line of Credit Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)													$ 10
Maximun [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Supplemental Line of Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)	$ 10													$ 10		$ 10
Maximun [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| Additional Supplemental Line Of Credit Member
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)					$ 10
Maximun [Member] \| Board of Directors Chairman [Member] \| March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Share price (in Dollars per share)				$ 10

Basis of Presentation and Liquidity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025	Jul. 08, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Jul. 25, 2022
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,525		$ 15,120
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| Line of Credit [Member]
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity [Abstract]
Line of credit		$ 10,000		$ 60,000

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - Recurring [Member] - Level 3 [Member] - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
April Note [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest	$ 1,594,000	$ 47,000
September Note [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest	808,000	94,000
December Note [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative Liability - Contingent Interest	$ 1,340,000	$ 275,000

Segments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Segments [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Expense Categories and Asset Categories

The table below summarizes the significant expense categories regularly reviewed by the CODM for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands).


	Nine Months Ended June 30,
		2025			2024
	(in thousands)
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	12,357		$	25,462
General and administrative		4,363			4,543
Total operating expenses		16,720			30,005
Total operating loss		(16,720	)		(30,005	)
Other income (expense):
Interest income		101			254
Interest expense		(5,390	)		(3,815	)
Change in fair value of derivatives		(3,327	)		(1,514	)
Total other expense		(8,616	)		(5,075	)
Net loss	$	(25,336	)	$	(35,080	)
Preferred stock dividends		(76	)		(90	)
Net loss applicable to common stockholders	$	(25,412	)	$	(35,170	)

The table below summarizes the significant asset categories regularly reviewed by the CODM as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands).


		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,525	$	15,120

Accrued Expenses and Other (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Accrued Expenses and Other [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

		September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in thousands)
Legal and accounting fees	$	94	$	74
Accrued compensation		1,100		1,523
Lease liability		37		19
Accrued research and development costs and other		3,807		6,588
Total	$	5,038	$	8,204

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]

Components of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Following is the stock-based compensation expense related to common stock options, restricted common stock, common stock warrants and deferred stock units:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2025		2024		2025		2024
	in thousands
Research and development	$	250	$	340	$	780	$	709
General and administrative		248		175		684		633
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	498	$	515	$	1,464	$	1,342

Stock Option Activity

The following table summarizes the stock option activity in the Company’s equity incentive plans, including non-plan grants to Company executives, from December 31, 2024 through September 30, 2025:


	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, December 31, 2024	6,854,758		$	2.39
Granted	1,211,000			1.23
Exercised	(561,004	)		1.98
Options forfeited/cancelled	(177,334	)		(2.11	)
Outstanding, September 30, 2025	7,327,420		$	2.23

Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Options Granted

The fair value of all other options granted is determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The following weighted average assumptions were used:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024
Risk-free interest rate	4.48	%	3.88	%
Expected life of the options	5.6 years		5.4 years
Expected volatility of the underlying stock	83	%	75	%
Expected dividend rate	0	%	0	%

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock [Member] Series A 12% Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Deficit [Member]	Total
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023					$ 1,723
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2023					176
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024					$ 1,723
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2024					176
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 500	$ 61	$ 291,847	$ (354,372)	$ (61,964)
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	1,235,000	61,852,914
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend			64	(27)	37
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		24,700
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend			89	(63)	26
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		35,200
Exercise of common stock options (in Shares)		19,620
Exercise of common stock purchase warrants		$ 1	375		376
Exercise of common stock purchase warrants (in Shares)		125,093
Common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with related party line of credit			845		845
Stock-based compensation expense			1,556		1,556
Stock-based compensation expense (in Shares)		250,548
Net loss				(35,080)	(35,080)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 500	$ 62	294,776	(389,542)	(94,204)
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	1,235,000	62,308,075
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024					$ 1,723
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2024					176
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 500	$ 62	293,872	(378,304)	$ (83,870)
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	1,235,000	62,278,125
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend			34	3	37
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		12,350
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend			47	(21)	26
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		17,600
Common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with related party line of credit			308		308
Stock-based compensation expense			515		515
Net loss				(11,220)	(11,220)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 500	$ 62	294,776	(389,542)	(94,204)
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	1,235,000	62,308,075
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024					$ 1,723
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2024					176
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025					$ 1,723
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2025					176
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 500	$ 62	296,217	(401,572)	$ (104,793)
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	1,235,000	63,157,235
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend			67	(31)	36
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		24,450
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend			70	(45)	25
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		29,032
Conversion of Series A convertible preferred to common stock	$ (10)		10
Conversion of Series A convertible preferred to common stock (in Shares)	(25,000)	4,167
Exercise of common stock options			1,107		$ 1,107
Exercise of common stock options (in Shares)		561,004			561,004
Issuance of common stock		$ 1	2,070		$ 2,071
Issuance of common stock (in Shares)		592,504
Common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with related party line of credit			213		213
Stock-based compensation expense		$ 1	1,373		1,374
Stock-based compensation expense (in Shares)		104,400
Net loss				(25,336)	(25,336)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025	$ 490	$ 64	301,127	(426,984)	(125,303)
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2025	1,210,000	64,472,792
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025					$ 1,723
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2025					176
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2025	$ 490	$ 63	299,318	(418,761)	$ (118,890)
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Jun. 30, 2025	1,210,000	64,060,262
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend			52	(16)	36
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		12,100
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend			49	(23)	26
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend (in Shares)		11,432
Exercise of common stock options			360		360
Exercise of common stock options (in Shares)		214,398
Issuance of common stock		$ 1	852		853
Issuance of common stock (in Shares)		174,600
Stock-based compensation expense			496		496
Net loss				(8,184)	(8,184)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2025	$ 490	$ 64	$ 301,127	$ (426,984)	$ (125,303)
Ending balance (in Shares) at Sep. 30, 2025	1,210,000	64,472,792

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) [Abstract]
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000	1,000
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	176	176
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	176	176
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock, redemption value (in Dollars)	$ 8,018,000
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock liquidation value (in Dollars)	$ 1,760,000
Undesignated stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Undesignated stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Undesignated stock, shares designated (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,742,500	1,742,500
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,210,000	1,235,000
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,210,000	1,235,000
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock, liquidation value (in Dollars)	$ 1,210,000
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	150,000,000	150,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	64,472,792	63,157,235
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	64,472,792	63,157,235

Galectin Sciences LLC	9 Months Ended
Galectin Sciences LLC	Sep. 30, 2025
Galectin Sciences LLC [Abstract]
Galectin Sciences LLC	13. Galectin Sciences LLC In January 2014, we created Galectin Sciences, LLC (the “LLC” or “Investee”), a collaborative joint venture co-owned by SBH Sciences, Inc. (“SBH”), to research and develop small organic molecule inhibitors of galectin-3 for oral administration. The LLC was initially capitalized with a $400,000 cash investment to fund future research and development activities, which was provided by the Company, and specific in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) contributed by SBH. The estimated fair value of the IPR&D contributed by SBH, on the date of contribution, was $400,000. Initially, the Company and SBH each had a 50% equity ownership interest in the LLC, with neither party having control over the LLC. Accordingly, from inception through the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company accounted for its investment in the LLC using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company’s investment was initially recorded at cost with subsequent adjustments to the carrying value to recognize additional investments in or distributions from the Investee, as well as the Company’s share of the Investee’s earnings, losses and/or changes in capital. The estimated fair value of the IPR&D contributed to the LLC was immediately expensed upon contribution as there was no alternative future use available at the point of contribution. The operating agreement provides that if either party does not desire to contribute its equal share of funding required after the initial capitalization, then the other party, providing all of the funding, will have its ownership share increased in proportion to the total amount contributed from inception. In the fourth quarter of 2014, after the LLC had expended the $400,000 in cash, SBH decided not to contribute its share of the funding required. Cumulatively as of September 30, 2025, the Company has contributed a total of $4,172,000, including $42,000 and $313,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for expenses of the LLC. Since the end of 2014, SBH has contributed $711,000 for expenses in the LLC. As of June 30, 2025, the Company’s ownership percentage in the LLC was 85.4%. The Company accounts for the interest in the LLC as a consolidated, less than wholly owned subsidiary. Because the LLC’s equity is immaterial, the value of the non-controlling interest is also deemed to be immaterial.

Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025
Line of Credit [Member]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party [Abstract]
Convertible Line of Credit - Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit - Related Party	9. Convertible Line of Credit – Related Party and Supplemental Convertible Lines of Credit – Related Party On July 25, 2022, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein (the “Lender”) entered into a Line of Credit Letter Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lender shall provide the Company a line of credit of up to $60.0 million (the “Line of Credit”) to finance the Company’s working capital needs. The Company may draw upon the Line of Credit through July 31, 2024. Each advance made pursuant to the Credit Agreement shall be evidenced by an unsecured, convertible promissory note (individually, a “Promissory Note,” and collectively, the “Promissory Notes”), and bear interest at the Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans, plus two (2%) percent. Principal and interest on the Promissory Notes were originally due on or before January 31, 2026, however, the maturity date was extended to September 30, 2026 in connection with a new line of credit dated July 8, 2025. Due to the extension of the maturity date for all lines of credit, the remaining amortization expense of the warrants issued with each draw was adjusted prospectively from July 8, 2025 through September 30, 2026. Only with the consent of the Lender, may the Promissory Notes be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, but with interest on the amount or amounts prepaid. At the election of Lender, the principal and accrued interest on Promissory Note(s) may be converted into the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the amount of principal and accrued interest on such Promissory Note divided by the price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Promissory Note, but in no event less than $3.00 per share. In connection with the Credit Agreement, the Company agreed to issue the Lender warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,700,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (collectively, the “Warrants”). Upon execution of the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 500,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. Further, pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company shall issue to the Lender additional Warrants to purchase up to the remaining 1,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, ratably, upon borrowings under the Credit Agreement, with exercise prices equal to 150% of the closing price of the Company’s common Stock on the date of the Promissory Note evidencing such draw, but in no event more than $10.00 per share nor less than $3.00 per share. The Warrants expire on July 31, 2029. The fair value of warrants that vest in the future based on borrowings will be computed when those borrowings occur and amortized over the remaining period through January 31, 2026. The fair value of the 500,000 warrants vested at closing on July 25, 2022 was $738,000 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 7 years, volatility of 92%, risk free interest rate of 3.19% and zero dividends. The fair value of the vested warrants was recorded in other assets (non-current) as a deferred financing cost and will be amortized on a straight-line basis from July 25, 2022 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2025 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $25,000 and $53,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $129,000 and $157,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On December 19, 2022, the Company executed a $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.46% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 4.46% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.1%. Accrued interest on this draw was $1,963,000 and $1,399,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on December 19, 2022 was $160,780 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 7 years, volatility of 91%, risk free interest rate of 4.06% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal to be amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from December 19, 2022 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $6,000 and $13,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $32,000 and $39,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On March 31, 2023, the Company executed an additional $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.41% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 4.41% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.1%. Accrued interest on this draw was approximately $1,733,000 and $1,184,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.26 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on March 31, 2023 was $296,680 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 6.33 years, volatility of 88%, risk free interest rate of 3.94% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from March 31, 2023 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $12,000 and $26,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $64,000 and $78,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On June 30, 2023, the Company executed an additional $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.34% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 4.34% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.1%. Accrued interest on this draw was approximately $1,529,000 and $995,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on June 30, 2023 was $179,920 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 6.08 years, volatility of 85%, risk free interest rate of 3.59% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from June 30, 2023 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $8,000 and $17,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $43,000 and $52,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On December 29, 2023, the Company executed an additional $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 7.13% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 5.13% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.5%. Accrued interest on this draw was approximately $1,325,000 and $737,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on December 31, 2023 was $193,745 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 5.7 years, volatility of 79%, risk free interest rate of 4.49% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from December 29, 2023 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $11,000 and $23,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $58,000 and $70,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On March 29, 2024, the Company executed an additional $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.62% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 4.62% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.1%. Accrued interest on this draw was $1,041,000 and $508,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.59 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on March 29, 2024, was $277,389 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 5.33 years, volatility of 75%, risk free interest rate of 4.19% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from March 29, 2024 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2025 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $18,000 and $38,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $94,000 and $76,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On June 28, 2024, the Company executed an additional $10 million Promissory Note under the Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 7.01% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 5.01% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 7.4%. Accrued interest on this draw was $860,000 and $336,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.39 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on June 28, 2024, was $260,000 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 5.03 years, volatility of 77%, risk free interest rate of 4.29% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from June 28, 2024 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $19,000 and $41,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. Amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $102,000 and $41,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On March 29, 2024, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein (the “Lender”) entered into a Supplemental Line of Credit Letter Agreement (the “Supplemental Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lender shall provide the Company a line of credit of up to $10.0 million (the “Supplemental Line of Credit”) to finance the Company’s working capital needs. The Company may draw upon the Supplemental Line of Credit through March 31, 2025. Each advance made pursuant to the Supplemental Credit Agreement shall be evidenced by an unsecured, convertible promissory note (individually, a “Promissory Note,” and collectively, the “Promissory Notes”), and bear interest at the Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans, plus two (2%) percent. Principal and interest on the Promissory Notes were originally due on or before January 31, 2026; however, the maturity date was extended to September 30, 2026 in connection with a new line of credit dated July 8, 2025. Only with the consent of the Lender, may the Promissory Notes be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, but with interest on the amount or amounts prepaid. At the election of Lender, the principal and accrued interest on Promissory Note(s) may be converted into the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the amount of principal and accrued interest on such Promissory Note divided by the price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Promissory Note, but in no event less than $3.00 per share. In connection with the Supplemental Credit Agreement, the Company agreed to issue the Lender warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (collectively, the “Warrants”). The Company shall issue to the Lender Warrants ratably, upon borrowings under the Supplemental Line of Credit, with exercise prices equal to 150% of the closing price of the Company’s common Stock on the date of the Promissory Note evidencing such draw, but in no event more than $10.00 per share nor less than $3.00 per share. The Warrants expire on July 31, 2029. On September 30, 2024, the Company executed a $10 million Promissory Note under the Supplemental Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.13% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 5.01% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 6.4%. Accrued interest on this draw was $631,000 and $154,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 200,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $4.13 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 200,000 warrants vested at closing on September 30, 2024, was $307,780 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 4.83 years, volatility of 78%, risk free interest rate of 3.58% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from October 1, 2024 through January 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 of $27,000 and $143,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On November 14, 2024, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein (the “Lender”) entered into an additional Supplemental Line of Credit Letter Agreement (the “November 2024 Supplemental Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lender shall provide the Company a line of credit of up to $6.0 million (the “November 2024 Supplemental Line of Credit”) to finance the Company’s working capital needs. The Company may draw upon the November 2024 Supplemental Line of Credit, as amended, through May 31, 2025. Each advance made pursuant to the November 2024 Supplemental Credit Agreement shall be evidenced by an unsecured, convertible promissory note (individually, a “Promissory Note,” and collectively, the “Promissory Notes”), and bear interest at the Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans, plus two (2%) percent. Principal and interest on the Promissory Notes are due on or before March 31, 2026; however, the maturity date was extended to September 30, 2026 in connection with a new line of credit dated July 8, 2025. Only with the consent of the Lender, may the Promissory Notes be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, but with interest on the amount or amounts prepaid. At the election of Lender, the principal and accrued interest on Promissory Note(s) may be converted into the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the amount of principal and accrued interest on such Promissory Note divided by the price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Promissory Note, but in no event less than $3.00 per share. In connection with the November 2024 Supplemental Credit Agreement, the Company agreed to issue the Lender warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 120,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (collectively, the “Warrants”). The Company shall issue to the Lender Warrants ratably, upon borrowings under the November 2024 Supplemental Line of Credit, with exercise prices equal to 150% of the closing price of the Company’s common Stock on the date of the Promissory Note evidencing such draw, but in no event more than $10.00 per share nor less than $3.00 per share. The Warrants expire on July 31, 2029. On April 30, 2025, the Company executed a $6 million Promissory Note under the November 2024 Supplemental Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 6.13% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 4.13% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 6.4%. Accrued interest on this draw was $154,000 at September 30, 2025. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 120,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 120,000 warrants vested at closing on April 30, 2025, was $80,040 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 4.25 years, volatility of 84%, risk free interest rate of 3.65% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from April 30, 2025 through March 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Amortization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 of $12,000 and $31,000, respectively, was recorded as interest expense. On March 31, 2025, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein (the “Lender”) entered into a Supplemental Line of Credit Letter Agreement (the “March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lender shall provide the Company a line of credit of up to $5.0 million (the “March 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit”) to finance the Company’s working capital needs. The Company may draw upon the March 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit through September 30, 2025. Each advance made pursuant to the March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement shall be evidenced by an unsecured, convertible promissory note (individually, a “Promissory Note,” and collectively, the “Promissory Notes”), and bear interest at the Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans, plus two (2%) percent. Principal and interest on the Promissory Notes are due on or before March 31, 2026, which was adjusted to September 30, 2026 in connection with the extension of maturity in July 2025. Only with the consent of the Lender, may the Promissory Notes be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, but with interest on the amount or amounts prepaid. At the election of Lender, the principal and accrued interest on Promissory Note(s) may be converted into the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the amount of principal and accrued interest on such Promissory Note divided by the price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Promissory Note, but in no event less than $3.00 per share. In connection with the March 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement, the Company agreed to issue the Lender warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (collectively, the “Warrants”). The Company shall issue to the Lender Warrants ratably, upon borrowings under the March 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit, with exercise prices equal to 150% of the closing price of the Company’s common Stock on the date of the Promissory Note evidencing such draw, but in no event more than $10.00 per share nor less than $3.00 per share. The Warrants expire on July 31, 2029. On June 30, 2025, the Company executed a $5 million Promissory Note under the March 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit. The interest rate on this draw is 5.93% (Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans on date of draw of 3.93% plus 2%). The effective interest rate is approximately 6.4%. Accrued interest on this draw was $75,000 at September 30, 2025. The principal and accrued interest is convertible at the option of the Lender at $3.00 per share. In accordance with the Credit Agreement, the Company issued the Lender a Warrant to purchase up to 100,000 shares of Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, which Warrant is exercisable upon issuance. The fair value of the 100,000 warrants vested at closing on June 30, 2025, was $132,000 at the date of issuance based on the following assumptions: an expected life of 4.08 years, volatility of 86%, risk free interest rate of 3.75% and zero dividends. The proceeds were allocated between the Promissory Note and the warrants issued, and the amount allocated to the warrants was recorded as a debt discount netted against principal amortized on a straight-line basis, which is not materially different than the effective interest method, from April 30, 2025 through September 30, 2026. Amortization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 of $26,000 was recorded as interest expense. On July 8, 2025, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein (the “Lender”) entered into a Supplemental Line of Credit Letter Agreement (the “July 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the Lender shall provide the Company a line of credit of up to $10.0 million (the “July 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit”) to finance the Company’s working capital needs. The Company may draw upon the July 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit through April 30, 2026. Additionally, in connection with the July 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement, the maturity dates of the Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party and all borrowings under the Convertible Lines of Credit – Related Party were extended to September 30, 2026. Each advance made pursuant to the July 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement shall be evidenced by an unsecured, convertible promissory note (individually, a “Promissory Note,” and collectively, the “Promissory Notes”), and bear interest at the Applicable Federal Rate for short term loans, plus two (2%) percent. Principal and interest on the Promissory Notes are due on or before September 30, 2026. Only with the consent of the Lender, may the Promissory Notes be prepaid, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, but with interest on the amount or amounts prepaid. At the election of Lender, the principal and accrued interest on Promissory Note(s) may be converted into the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the amount of principal and accrued interest on such Promissory Note divided by the price equal to the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Promissory Note, but in no event less than $3.00 per share. In connection with the July 2025 Supplemental Credit Agreement, the Company agreed to issue the Lender warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (collectively, the “Warrants”). The Company shall issue to the Lender Warrants ratably, upon borrowings under the July 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit, with exercise prices equal to 150% of the closing price of the Company’s common Stock on the date of the Promissory Note evidencing such draw, but in no event more than $10.00 per share nor less than $3.00 per share. The Warrants expire on July 31, 2029. The fair value of warrants that vest in the future based on borrowings will be computed when those borrowings occur and amortized over the remaining period through September 30, 2026.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

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+ Details

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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+ Details

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,525	$ 15,120
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,204	2,132
Total current assets	12,729	17,252
Other assets	136	243
Total assets	12,865	17,495
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	5,390	5,656
Accrued expenses and other	5,038	8,204
Accrued dividends payable	0	63
Convertible notes payable and accrued interest, net of discounts – related party (Note 3)	32,521	21,117
Derivative liabilities (Note 4)	3,742	369
Borrowing and accrued interest under convertible lines of credit, net of debt discount – related party (Note 9)	89,754	0
Total current liabilities	136,445	35,409
Convertible notes payable and accrued interest, net of discounts – related party (Note 3)	0	10,733
Derivative liabilities (Note 4)	0	47
Borrowing and accrued interest under convertible lines of credit, net of debt discount – related party (Note 9)	0	74,376
Total liabilities	136,445	120,565
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Series C super dividend redeemable convertible preferred stock; 1,000 shares authorized, 176 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, redemption value: $8,018,000, liquidation value: $1,760,000 at September 30, 2025	1,723	1,723
Stockholders’ equity (deficit):
Undesignated stock, $0.01 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized, 20,000,000 designated at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively	0	0
Series A 12% convertible preferred stock; 1,742,500 shares authorized, 1,210,000 and 1,235,000 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, liquidation value $1,210,000 at September 30, 2025	490	500
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, 64,472,792 and 63,157,235 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively	64	62
Additional paid-in capital	301,127	296,217
Retained deficit	(426,984)	(401,572)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(125,303)	(104,793)
Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ deficit	$ 12,865	$ 17,495

Segments (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
Segments (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025 USD ($) Segment	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Segments [Abstract]
Number of operating segments	1
Number of reportable segments	1
Net cash used in operating activities \| $	$ (17,833)	$ (28,976)

Loss Per Share (Details) - $ / shares		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Loss Per Share (Details) - $ / shares	Jan. 23, 2025	Jun. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 22, 2023
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Number of consecutive trading days to be considered in purchase agreement				10 days
Number warrants outstanding (in shares)		3,972,177	3,863,524
Adjusted total potentially dilutive shares				49,870,648	49,402,846
Minimum [Member] \| 10X Fund L.P [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Voting rights or shares to acquire (in shares)	4,800,000
Warrants [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Adjusted total potentially dilutive shares		49,454,730	45,590,704	3,972,154	9,622,945
Common Stock [Member] \| 10X Fund L.P [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Warrants to purchase common stock (in shares)				5,732,253		5,732,253
Warrants expiration date						Sep. 30, 2026
Threshold period for extension of exercise date of purchase warrants under purchase agreement				30 days
Common Stock [Member] \| Minimum [Member] \| 10X Fund L.P [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Closing price (in Dollars per share)				$ 6

Common Stock Warrants

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Common Stock Warrants [Abstract]

Common Stock Warrants

6. Common Stock Warrants

The following table summarizes the common stock warrant activity from December 31, 2024 through September 30, 2025:


	Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, December 31, 2024	9,595,940		$	4.22
Granted	220,000			3.00
Exercised	—			—
Forfeited/cancelled	(5,843,786	)		3.00
Outstanding, September 30, 2025	3,972,154		$	5.93

The weighted average expiration of the warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2025 is 1.7 years.

Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party	9 Months Ended
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party	Sep. 30, 2025
Convertible Notes Payable - Related Party [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Convertible Notes Payable - Related Party	3. Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party On April 16, 2021, the Company and Richard E. Uihlein entered into a debt financing arrangement whereby Mr. Uihlein loaned $10,000,000 to the Company. In consideration for the loan, the Company issued a convertible promissory note (the “April 2021 Note”) in the principal amount of ten million dollars. The April 2021 Note had an original maturity date of April 16, 2025, is prepayable at the option of the Company in whole or in part at any time and is convertible into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to $5.00 per share at the option of the noteholder. The April 2021 Note bears interest at the rate of two percent (2%) per annum, compounded annually with an effective interest rate of approximately 3%. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $54,000 and $54,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $162,000 and $159,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. The April 2021 Note also includes a contingent interest component that requires the Company to pay additional interest at a rate of two and one-half percent (2.5%) per quarter (10% per annum) (the “Additional Interest”) beginning on the date of issuance of this Note and ending on the maturity date, provided however, that such payment is only required if and only if the noteholder elects to convert the entire balance of the April 2021 Note into the Company’s common stock on or prior to maturity. As the contingent event is not based on creditworthiness, such feature is not clearly and closely related to the host instrument and accordingly must be bifurcated and recognized as a derivative liability and a debt discount on the April 2021 Note at its inception. The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $420,000 at note inception (April 16, 2021). The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $1,594,000 and $47,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is recognized as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheet. The change in the fair value of the derivative liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $1,547,000 and $771,000 respectively, was charged to other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The amortization of the original $420,000 debt discount of $31,000 and $79,000 was recorded as additional interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. On May 14, 2024, Mr. Uihlein, as holder of the April 2021 Note irrevocably elected to convert the entire principal amount of such note, plus accrued and unpaid interest, into shares of common stock of the Company at a price of $5.00 per share, effective as of April 16, 2025, which is the maturity date of the April 2021 Note. In connection with entering into the March 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit (see Note 9), the Company agreed to extend the maturity date of the Convertible Promissory Note dated April 2021 from April 16, 2025 to September 30, 2025. Additionally, in connection with entering into the July 2025 Supplemental Line of Credit (see Note 14), the Company agreed to extend the maturity date of the Convertible Promissory Note dated April 2021 from September 30, 2025 to September 30, 2026. The April 2021 Note will remain outstanding and accrue interest until maturity and no shares of common stock will be issued as a result of this election until September 30, 2026. The September 2021 Note had an maturity date of September 17, 2025, which was also extended to September 30, 2026 (see Note 14), is prepayable at the option of the Company in whole or in part at any time and is convertible into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to $8.64 per share at the option of the noteholder. The September 2021 Note bears interest at the rate of two percent (2%) per annum, compounded annually with an effective interest rate of approximately 3%. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $54,000 and $53,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $160,000 and $157,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. The September 2021 Note also includes a contingent interest component that requires the Company to pay additional interest at a rate of two and one-half percent (2.5%) per quarter (10% per annum) (the “Additional Interest”) beginning on the date of issuance of this Note and ending on the maturity date, provided however, that such payment is only required if and only if the noteholder elects to convert the entire balance of the September 2021 Note into the Company’s common stock on or prior to maturity. As the contingent event is not based on creditworthiness, such feature is not clearly and closely related to the host instrument and accordingly must be bifurcated and recognized as a derivative liability and a debt discount on the September Note at its inception. The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $433,000 at note inception (September 17, 2021). The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $808,000 and $94,000 and September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is recognized as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheet. The change in the fair value of the derivative liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $714,000 and $189,000, respectively, was recorded to other expense for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The amortization of the original $433,000 debt discount of $81,000 and $81,000 was recorded as additional interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. On December 20, 2021, the second of the two promissory notes under the Loan Agreement was executed and delivered, (the “December 2021 Note”) to evidence the second loan in the principal amount of $10,000,000. The December 2021 Note had a maturity date of December 20, 2025, which was also extended to September 30, 2026 (see Note 14), is prepayable at the option of the Company in whole or in part at any time and is convertible into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to $5.43 per share at the option of the noteholder. The December Note bears interest at the rate of two percent (2%) per annum, compounded annually with an effective interest rate of approximately 3%. For three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $53,000 and $52,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. For nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, approximately $159,000 and $156,000, respectively, of interest expense was accrued and included with the principal in the financial statements. The December 2021 Note also includes a contingent interest component that requires the Company to pay additional interest at a rate of two and one-half percent (2.5%) per quarter (10% per annum) (the “Additional Interest”) beginning on the date of issuance of this Note and ending on the maturity date, provided however, that such payment is only required if and only if the noteholder elects to convert the entire balance of the December 2021 Note into the Company’s common stock on or prior to maturity. As the contingent event is not based on creditworthiness, such feature is not clearly and closely related to the host instrument and accordingly must be bifurcated and recognized as a derivative liability and a debt discount on the December Note at its inception. The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $415,000 at note inception (December 20, 2021). The fair value of the contingent interest derivative liability was $1,340,000 and $275,000 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is recognized as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheet. The change in the fair value of the derivative liability for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $1,065,000 and $553,000, respectively was recorded to other expense for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. The amortization of the original $415,000 debt discount of $78,000 and $78,000 was recorded as additional interest expense for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company’s contractual cash obligations related to the outstanding convertible notes payable is a repayment of the September 2021 Note of the $10,000,000 plus accrued interest on September 30, 2026 and a repayment of the December 2021 Note of the $10,000,000 plus accrued interest on September 30, 2026, unless converted at the option of the noteholder.

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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+ Details

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

+ References

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+ Details

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	September 30, 2025

Common Stock Warrants (Details)	Sep. 30, 2025
Common Stock Warrants [Abstract]
Weighted average expiration term of warrants outstanding	1 year 8 months 12 days

Loss Per Share - Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Loss Per Share - Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	Jun. 30, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			49,870,648	49,402,846
Warrants [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)	49,454,730	45,590,704	3,972,154	9,622,945
Stock Options [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			7,324,420	7,308,508
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			496,520	401,256
Convertible Notes Payable - Related Party [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			7,479,217	6,872,504
Line of Credit [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			30,103,330	24,698,459
Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Loss Per Share [Abstract]
Amount excluded from calculation (in shares)			495,007	499,174

Basis of Presentation and Liquidity	9 Months Ended
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity	Sep. 30, 2025
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and Liquidity	1. Basis of Presentation and Liquidity Galectin Therapeutics Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that is applying its leadership in galectin science and drug development to create new therapies for fibrotic disease and cancer. These candidates are based on the Company’s targeting of galectin proteins which are key mediators of biologic and pathologic function. These compounds also may have application for drugs to treat other diseases and chronic health conditions. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as reported in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2025 and the results of its operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 and its cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. All adjustments made to the interim financial statements include all those of a normal and recurring nature. Amounts presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 are derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. Subsequent events have been evaluated through the date these financial statements are available to be issued. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company should be read in conjunction with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The going concern assumption contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. However, substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern exists. The Company has operated at a loss since its inception and has had no revenues. The Company anticipates that losses will continue for the foreseeable future. At September 30, 2025, the company had $11,525,000 of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents available to fund future operations. Additionally, on July 8, 2025, we signed a new line of credit in the amount of $10 million provided by our chairman, Richard Uihlein, (See Note 9). The Company believes there is sufficient cash, including availability of the line of credit, to fund currently planned operations through June 30, 2026. To meet its future capital needs, the Company intends to raise additional capital through debt or equity financings, collaborations, partnerships or other strategic transactions. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to complete any such transactions on acceptable terms or otherwise. The inability of the Company to obtain sufficient funds on acceptable terms when needed could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. The Company was founded in July 2000, was incorporated in the State of Nevada in January 2001 under the name “Pro-Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,” and changed its name to “Galectin Therapeutics Inc.” on May 26, 2011.

Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party (Details)						3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party (Details)	Dec. 30, 2025 USD ($)	Sep. 17, 2025 USD ($)	May 14, 2024 $ / shares shares	Dec. 20, 2021 USD ($) PromissoryNote $ / shares	Apr. 16, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2025 USD ($) $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 17, 2021 USD ($)
April 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Change in fair value of derivative								$ 1,547,000	$ 771,000
Amortization of debt discount								420,000
Additional interest expense								31,000	79,000
September 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Change in fair value of derivative								714,000	189,000
Amortization of debt discount								433,000
Additional interest expense								$ 81,000	81,000
Convertible note payable repayment		$ 10,000,000
December 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Convertible note principal				$ 10,000,000
Maturity date								Sep. 30, 2026
Conversion price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 5.43
Interest rate compounded annually				2.00%
Effective interest rate				3.00%
Additional interest rate per quarter				2.50%
Additional interest rate per annum from issuance date to maturity date period				10.00%
Fair value of derivative liability				$ 415,000		$ 1,340,000		$ 1,340,000		$ 275,000
Amortization of debt discount								415,000
Additional interest expense								$ 78,000	78,000
Number of promissory notes evidenced by loans agreement (in PromissoryNote) \| PromissoryNote				2
December 2021 Note [Member] \| Forecast [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Convertible note payable repayment	$ 10,000,000
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| April 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Maturity date								Sep. 30, 2026
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| September 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Maturity date								Sep. 30, 2026
Conversion price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares						$ 8.64		$ 8.64
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| December 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Change in fair value of derivative								$ 1,065,000	553,000
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| April 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Debt financing arrangement					$ 10,000,000
Convertible note principal					$ 10,000,000
Maturity date			Apr. 16, 2025					Apr. 16, 2025
Conversion price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 5			$ 5		$ 5
Interest rate compounded annually						2.00%		2.00%
Effective interest rate						3.00%		3.00%
Accrued interest expense						$ 54,000	$ 54,000	$ 162,000	159,000
Additional interest rate per quarter					2.50%
Additional interest rate per annum from issuance date to maturity date period					10.00%
Fair value of derivative liability					$ 420,000	$ 1,594,000		$ 1,594,000		47,000
Common stock, shares issued (in Shares) \| shares			0
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| September 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Interest rate compounded annually						2.00%		2.00%
Effective interest rate						3.00%		3.00%
Accrued interest expense						$ 54,000	53,000	$ 160,000	157,000
Additional interest rate per quarter											2.50%
Additional interest rate per annum from issuance date to maturity date period											10.00%
Fair value of derivative liability						808,000		808,000		$ 94,000	$ 433,000
Richard E. Uihlein [Member] \| December 2021 Note [Member]
Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party [Abstract]
Accrued interest expense						$ 53,000	$ 52,000	$ 159,000	$ 156,000

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2025	Sep. 30, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (8,184)	$ (11,220)	$ (25,336)	$ (35,080)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 220
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - December Note, Key Assumptions (Details) - December Note [Member]	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Stock Price [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	4.24	1.29
Conversion Price of Conversion Feature [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	5.43	5.43
Term [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Term	1 year	11 months 19 days
Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	3.68	4.16
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	12.43	12.43
Volatility [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	110	102
Dividend Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	0	0

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - September Note, Key Assumptions (Details) - September Note [Member]	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Stock Price [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	4.24	1.29
Conversion Price of Conversion Feature [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	8.64	8.64
Term [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Term	1 year	8 months 19 days
Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	3.68	4.16
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	12.43	12.43
Volatility [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	110	111
Dividend Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	0	0

Leases (Details)	9 Months Ended
Leases (Details)	Sep. 30, 2025 USD ($) Lease	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Number of operating leases (in Lease) \| Lease	1
Term of contract	38 months
Free rent period	6 months 15 days
Security deposit	$ 6,000
Lease renewal term	12 months
Right to use lease asset	$ 37,000
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other assets
Current lease liability	$ 37,000		$ 19,000
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Total		Total
Discount rate on present value of lease payments	14.00%
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Leases [Abstract]
Lease cost	$ 41,000	$ 32,000

Fair Value of Financial Instruments - April Note, Key Assumptions (Details) - April Note [Member]	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Stock Price [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	4.24	1.29
Conversion Price of Conversion Feature [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	5	5
Term [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Term	1 year	3 months 14 days
Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	3.68	4.37
Credit Adjusted Discount Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	12.43	12.43
Volatility [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	110	152
Dividend Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Derivative liability, measurement input	0	0

Common Stock Warrants - Common Stock Warrants (Details) - Warrants [Member]	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025 $ / shares shares
Common Stock Warrants [Abstract]
Outstanding at beginning of period \| shares	9,595,940
Outstanding at beginning of period \| $ / shares	$ 4.22
Granted \| shares	220,000
Granted \| $ / shares	$ 3
Exercised \| shares	0
Exercised \| $ / shares	$ 0
Forfeited/cancelled \| shares	(5,843,786)
Forfeited/cancelled \| $ / shares	$ 3
Outstanding at end of period \| shares	3,972,154
Outstanding at end of period \| $ / shares	$ 5.93