

<!-- RR Donnelley Xcelerate Taxonomy Schema, based on XBRL 2.1  http://www.edgar-online.com/ -->
<!-- Version: 6.21.0 -->
<!-- Round: 97aec622-2049-4292-9d66-b68a46df317b -->
<!-- Creation date: 2014-08-06T15:21:52Z -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2005-2013 R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company All Rights Reserved. -->
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        <link:definition>110 - Disclosure - Common Stock Warrants</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>112 - Disclosure - Loss Per Share</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>113 - Disclosure - Common Stock</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>114 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>115 - Disclosure - Galectin Sciences LLC</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>117 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Tables)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>118 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>123 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation Expense Related to Common Stock Options, Restricted Common Stock and Common Stock Warrants (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>124 - Disclosure - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>125 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>127 - Disclosure - Common Stock Warrant Activity (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>128 - Disclosure - Common Stock Warrants - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>129 - Disclosure - Dilutive Shares Which Could Exist Pursuant to Exercise of Outstanding Stock Instruments and Which were not Included in Calculation (Detail)</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>132 - Disclosure - Galectin Science LLC - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
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  <element name="MinimumCompanyMarketCapitalization" id="galt_MinimumCompanyMarketCapitalization" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="NumberOfWarrantsExercise" id="galt_NumberOfWarrantsExercise" type="xbrli:integerItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="OrganizationalAndSeparationRelatedCharges" id="galt_OrganizationalAndSeparationRelatedCharges" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ProceedsFromStockOptionAndWarrantExercises" id="galt_ProceedsFromStockOptionAndWarrantExercises" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesLineItems" id="galt_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTable" id="galt_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem"/>
  <element name="ScheduleOfInvestmentsInJointVentureLineItems" id="galt_ScheduleOfInvestmentsInJointVentureLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ScheduleOfInvestmentsInJointVentureTable" id="galt_ScheduleOfInvestmentsInJointVentureTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem"/>
  <element name="SeriesBOnePreferredStockMember" id="galt_SeriesBOnePreferredStockMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="SeriesBTwoPreferredStockMember" id="galt_SeriesBTwoPreferredStockMember" type="nonnum:domainItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="SeverancePaymentPeriod" id="galt_SeverancePaymentPeriod" type="xbrli:durationItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" type="num:perShareItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" type="num:perShareItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" type="num:perShareItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" type="num:perShareItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceAbstract" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpectedToVestNumber" id="galt_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpectedToVestNumber" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="StockWarrantsTextBlock" id="galt_StockWarrantsTextBlock" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="SupplementalDividendsOnConvertiblePreferredStock" id="galt_SupplementalDividendsOnConvertiblePreferredStock" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="UndesignatedCapitalStockNoParValue" id="galt_UndesignatedCapitalStockNoParValue" type="num:perShareItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="UndesignatedCapitalStockSharesAuthorized" id="galt_UndesignatedCapitalStockSharesAuthorized" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="UndesignatedCapitalStockSharesOutstanding" id="galt_UndesignatedCapitalStockSharesOutstanding" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="UndesignatedCapitalStockValue" id="galt_UndesignatedCapitalStockValue" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="WarrantExpense" id="galt_WarrantExpense" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
  <element name="WarrantToPurchaseCommonStock" id="galt_WarrantToPurchaseCommonStock" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
</schema>




